The sunflower (Helianthus annuus) is not only a beautiful plant, but also a symbol of summer, sunshine and joy. Its brightly coloured flowers attract attention and create a cosy atmosphere in the garden. In this article we will tell you how to properly grow sunflowers and care for them.
Choosing a variety
There are many sunflower varieties that differ in height, colour and flower size. Choosing a variety depends on your preferences and the conditions in which you plan to grow them. For example, dwarf varieties are great for small plots, while tall varieties can be an impressive accent in the garden.
Soil and site preparation
Sunflowers prefer sunny areas with good drainage. They grow best in light, fertile soils with a neutral or slightly acidic reaction. Before planting, it is advisable to add organic fertiliser such as compost or humus to the soil.
Sowing
Sunflowers can be planted either by seed or by sprouts. If you choose the first method, the seeds should be planted in the open ground when the soil temperature reaches 10-15°C. This is usually at the end of April or the beginning of May. The seeds are buried 2-5 cm deep, leaving a distance of 30-50 cm between them, depending on the variety.
If you want to get earlier flowers, you can grow seedlings. To do this, seeds are planted in peat cups in March-April, and then transplanted into the open ground when the threat of frost passes.
Sunflower care
1. Watering: Sunflowers need regular watering, especially during flowering. However, avoid over-watering as this can lead to root rot.
2. Fertilisation: Nitrogen fertiliser can be applied at the beginning of the growing season and potassium and phosphorus fertiliser during bud formation. This will help the plants develop healthier and stronger.
3. Pest control: Sunflowers can attract pests such as aphids and spider mites. Inspect the plants regularly and apply insecticides or natural remedies if necessary.
4. Girdling: Tall sunflowers may need support, especially in windy conditions. Use wooden pegs or special supports to prevent the stems from breaking.
Collecting seeds
If you want to save the seeds for next year, allow the flowers to wilt completely. When the seeds are dark and hard, carefully cut off the heads and place them in a dry, dark place for final drying. The seeds can then be separated from the flower head and stored in a paper bag.
Conclusion
Sunflowers are not only beautiful plants, but also useful, as their seeds are rich in vitamins and other useful substances. Growing sunflowers in the garden is a fascinating process that will bring joy to you and your loved ones. By following simple recommendations, you will be able to create a bright and sunny space that will delight the eye and soul.
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